In-situ Electron Microscopy

In-situ and operando TEM techniques provide a direct link between structural evolution, materials properties and their function. This includes the ability to identify intermediate structures, which cannot be observed ex-situ. We are using and optimizing the techniques, combining them in particular with various 4D-STEM and spectroscopic techniques to provide an as complete structural, chemical and functional characterization as possible, while considering effects due to the electron beam and the sample geometry.